Nestled in the heart of the New River Gorge National Park and Preserve in West Virginia, Thurmond is one of the most fascinating ghost towns in America.
Once a booming railroad town, Thurmond is now a preserved relic of the past, offering visitors a glimpse into its storied history, unique architecture, and scenic location. Here’s everything you need to know about visiting this historic site.
Where Is Thurmond? How to Get There
Thurmond is located in Fayette County, West Virginia, approximately 15 miles north of Beckley. To get there, take U.S. Route 19 to Glen Jean, then follow WV-25 (Thurmond Road) for about 7 miles.
The winding, narrow road descends into the New River Gorge, leading you to the town. Parking is available near the Thurmond Depot, which serves as the primary visitor center for the area.
Visitors should note that the road can be steep and narrow in places, so drive cautiously. It’s also advisable to check the weather, as heavy rain can affect driving conditions.
A Brief History of Thurmond
Thurmond was established in 1888 as a hub for the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway. Its location along the New River made it a strategic center for coal shipping during the early 20th century. At its peak, Thurmond handled more freight than Cincinnati and Richmond combined, earning it a reputation as one of the most prosperous towns in the region.
The town’s boom was fueled by the coal industry, with local mines producing high-quality coal that was transported nationwide. During the 1920s, Thurmond had a population of around 500 and included hotels, banks, stores, and even a hospital. The town’s main street was lined with commercial buildings and bustling with activity.
However, Thurmond’s decline began in the mid-20th century as coal production waned and rail transport diminished. The advent of diesel locomotives and the closure of nearby mines led to a sharp drop in activity. By the 1980s, Thurmond was nearly deserted. Today, only a few residents remain, and the town is managed by the National Park Service as a historic site.
What to See and Do in Thurmond
1. Thurmond Depot Visitor Center
The Thurmond Depot is the best place to start your visit. Originally built in 1904, this restored train station now serves as a visitor center. Exhibits inside detail the history of Thurmond, including its role in the coal and railroad industries. Park rangers are on-site to answer questions and provide historical context.
2. Walking the Historic District
Thurmond’s historic district is a preserved time capsule. The row of brick buildings along the railroad tracks includes remnants of the banks, hotels, and businesses that once served the community. Among the most notable structures is the Lafayette Hotel, which was a popular stop for travelers and workers during the town’s heyday.
3. Exploring the New River Gorge
Thurmond is surrounded by the breathtaking scenery of the New River Gorge, making it an excellent starting point for outdoor adventures. The gorge offers hiking trails, rock climbing, and whitewater rafting opportunities. One of the most popular trails near Thurmond is the Rend Trail, which follows an old railroad bed and provides stunning views of the gorge.
4. Railroad History
For train enthusiasts, Thurmond’s rail yard is a highlight. The tracks are still in use by Amtrak’s Cardinal line, which passes through the town three times a week. Visitors can watch as modern trains navigate the same tracks that were once the lifeline of this bustling town.
5. Kayaking and Fishing
The New River near Thurmond is perfect for kayaking, canoeing, and fishing. The calm sections of the river provide opportunities to enjoy the natural beauty of the area, while more adventurous visitors can tackle the rapids downstream.
Notable Facts About Thurmond
- Preserved Ghost Town: Thurmond’s preservation is overseen by the National Park Service, ensuring its buildings and history remain intact for future generations.
- Smallest Town: Thurmond has a current population of fewer than 10 residents, making it one of the smallest incorporated towns in the United States.
- Film Location: The town was used as a filming location for the 1987 movie Matewan, which dramatized the 1920s coal wars.
- Historic Designation: In 1984, Thurmond was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
Tips for Visiting Thurmond
- Accessibility: While Thurmond is open year-round, the visitor center is typically only open seasonally. Check the National Park Service website for current hours and updates.
- What to Bring: Wear comfortable walking shoes, as you’ll be exploring uneven ground. Bring water and snacks, as there are no stores or restaurants in the town.
- Photography: Thurmond offers countless photo opportunities, from its historic buildings to its scenic views of the gorge.
Why Visit Thurmond?
Thurmond’s appeal lies in its authenticity. Unlike some ghost towns that feel staged or commercialized, Thurmond is a genuine slice of history. Its remote location and well-preserved buildings make it feel like stepping back in time. Whether you’re a history buff, a rail enthusiast, or an outdoor adventurer, Thurmond offers something unique.
A visit to Thurmond is not just a trip to a ghost town—it’s a journey into West Virginia’s rich industrial past and a reminder of the communities that once powered America.